Researchers have just deciphered a series of Babylonian astrological tablets inscribed 3,800 years ago — and the results are ...
He communicates with God, and God communicates with him ... of Israeliteness or a marker of Jewishness only in the time of the Babylonian Exile. Here, without a temple, far from their homeland ...
With that idea in mind, as a historian of science, my best answer to the question of what the first scientists discovered is Babylonian astronomy.