consisting of only four different chemical bases, or nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). But various combinations of those four bases -- say, A A C G G A C T T A ...

A new study provides fresh insight into traditional acid-base chemistry by revealing that the mutual neutralization of isolated hydronium (H₃O⁺) and hydroxide (OH⁻) ions is driven by electron transfer ...

The film explains the chemical reactions involved ... to show a range of colors based on acidity. Keywords acid-base indicators, color change, bromothymol blue, hydronium ions, hydroxide ions ...