Historically, the ocean has been difficult to model. Scientists struggled in years past to simulate ocean currents or ...

For decades, seismologists have worked to understand and predict earthquakes, but forecasting remains elusive. Now, ...

Earth system models (ESMs) integrate the interactions of atmosphere, ocean, land, ice, and biosphere to estimate the state of regional and global climate under a wide variety of conditions.

Astrophysicists have been grappling with the question of how water arrived on our young planet for decades. One of the ...

Earth systems models are an important tool for studying ... had their traits well-cataloged after several centuries of plant science. "There are around 60,000 to 70,000 tree species on Earth ...

Instead, he found that the minerals could form through high pressure and temperatures associated with the melting of the Earth's thick primordial crust. "Using my calculations and models ...

Using mathematical modeling, researchers have discovered that rate-induced tipping, which can happen if an environment changes too fast, can happen even in Daisyworld, a simple daisy-filled ecological ...

Earth’s current ice-covered state is an anomaly, relying on rare geological conditions, and scientists caution that excessive ...

The proposals of the paper, published in the peer-reviewed journal Science Advances ... But the new model, developed by the team of researchers, including astrophysicists and geobiologists, suggests ...

A Bennu-type asteroid could lead to “severe environmental consequences,” researchers write, while acknowledging that a collision is not likely.