The stalling of the ceasefire is part of a wider strategic shift, as Israel’s army seeks to maintain a larger geographic presence, including in territory that is not Israeli. It has begun to create what it intends to be indefinite “buffer zones” on four fronts: in Gaza, on the borders with Lebanon and Syria, and in the West Bank.

Israel has halted all food, fuel, and medicine to Gaza and vowed "additional consequences" if Hamas did not embrace the new proposal.

Israeli forces on Monday struck a military site where arms belonging to the previous Syrian government were stored in Qardaha, in the mountains of Latakia province, northwest Syria, the military said in a post on its Telegram channel.

UN Secretary General António Guterres, who has arrived in Cairo for Tuesday's emergency Arab summit on rebuilding Gaza, called for the "immediate" resumption of assistance. He urged "all parties to make every effort to prevent a return to hostilities".

As the first phase of the truce in Gaza ends, the two sides are continuing negotiations but also preparing for a possible return to war.