Historically, the ocean has been difficult to model. Scientists struggled in years past to simulate ocean currents or ...

Earth system models (ESMs) integrate the interactions of atmosphere, ocean, land, ice, and biosphere to estimate the state of regional and global climate under a wide variety of conditions.

Researchers explore the likelihood that Earth's climate, as affected by solar heat, plays a role in seismic activity. Using mathematical and computational methods, they analyzed earthquake data ...

For decades, seismologists have worked to understand and predict earthquakes, but forecasting remains elusive. Now, ...

Earth systems models are an important tool for studying ... had their traits well-cataloged after several centuries of plant science. "There are around 60,000 to 70,000 tree species on Earth ...

Astrophysicists have been grappling with the question of how water arrived on our young planet for decades. One of the ...

Earth’s current ice-covered state is an anomaly, relying on rare geological conditions, and scientists caution that excessive ...

A Bennu-type asteroid could lead to “severe environmental consequences,” researchers write, while acknowledging that a collision is not likely.