, and , Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga. Contraindications. Contraindications to lumbar chymopapain chemonucleolysis include allergy to papain or papaya, cauda equina syndrome ...

Disks are the round cushions that sit between the bones of your spine (vertebrae). They act like shock absorbers, and let you bend and move without your bones rubbing together. When one of the ...

Microdiscectomy surgery, also known as microdecompression surgery, is a surgical procedure used to get pressure off a lumbar nerve due to a herniated disc in your low back. The goal of the ...

Objective To assess the costs and cost-effectiveness of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) compared with open microdiscectomy among patients with sciatica. Methods This economic ...