The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop (CBGTC loop) is a system of neural circuits in the brain. The loop involves connections between the cortex, the basal ganglia, the thalamus, and …

The basal ganglia are a subcortical cluster of interconnected cell bodies, which interact with each other through circuits that mainly modulate motricity (Parent, 2012), but are also involved in …

It is now known that the basal ganglia has several loops, where cortical and subcortical projections interact with internal reentry loops forming a complex network, ideally designed for …

As mentioned earlier, there are a number of cortical loops through the basal ganglia that involve prefrontal association cortex and limbic cortex. Through these loops, the basal ganglia are …

Oct 30, 2023 · Three major pathways emerge from the basal ganglia, which project onto various structures of the brain, communicating with them. They are called the direct (excitatory), …

Since the late 1980s, the classic model of the basal ganglia in both humans and animals has been built on the presence of intrinsic direct and indirect pathways, both comprising a …

The basal ganglia are parts of circuits or loops involved in the chain cortex–basal ganglia–thalamus–cortex; the basal ganglia can be functionally grouped into four categories: …

In this report, we review some of the new anatomical, physiological and behavioral findings that have contributed to a reappraisal of function concerning the basal ganglia and cerebellar loops …

Loops through the Basal Ganglia. There are multiple circuits that pass through the basal ganglia: The motor circuit, which plays a role in voluntary movement; The oculomotor circuit, which …

Basal Ganglia Loops and Non-Motor Brain Functions. As predicted by this account, GABA agonists and antagonists applied to substantia nigra pars reticulata of monkeys produce …