Mar 4, 2025 · Wallenberg syndrome, also known as “lateral medullary syndrome” or “posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome”, is the most prevalent posterior ischemic stroke syndrome. Named after Adolf Wallenberg in 1895, this neurological condition is characterized by lateral medullary infarction resulting from an occlusion of the posterior ...

Jan 24, 2024 · Incorrect: Occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery causes lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg syndrome), which is characterized by loss of the gag reflex, dysphagia, hoarseness, and loss of pain and temperature sensation of the face and the contralateral side of the body. This patient does not have Wallenberg syndrome.

Please confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit.

So when the paramedian branches of the anterior spinal arteries don’t provide adequate blood flow, the structures within the anteromedial parts of the medulla are damaged, leading to Medial Medullary syndrome. Clinically, damage to the lateral corticospinal tracts at this level causes contralateral hemiparesis of the upper and lower extremities.

Brown-Séquard syndrome, first described by the physiologist Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard, is a condition associated with hemisection or damage to one half of the spinal cord. The hemisection damages neural tracts in the spinal cord that carry information to and from the brain.

Next, the occlusion of the paramedian branches of the anterior spinal artery or the vertebral arteries can lead to infarction of the medial part of the medulla and medial medullary syndrome. The medial part of the medulla contains several important structures, including lateral corticospinal tract, medial lemniscus, and hypoglossal nerve.

Unfortunately, there may also be loss of bladder and bowel control. Brown-Sequard syndrome is estimated to be 2% of all traumatic spinal cord injuries which in turn affect about 30-40 per 1 million people yearly. To learn more about the mechanisms and treatment of Brown-Sequard syndrome, watch the dedicated Osmosis video on YouTube and Osmosis.org

With compartment syndrome, compartment refers to separate sections of the body that contain muscles, nerves, and blood vessels surrounded by a layer of fibrous connective tissue, called fascia. When the pressure within these compartments rises, normal blood flow can be cut off, leading to tissue damage due to hypoxia, or the lack of oxygen.

Future Neurology. 2012;7(6):679-700. Isolated CN palsies are rare signs of MS. [143] Lesions within the brainstem may cause injury to the CN III, CN IV or CN VI nuclei or fascicles resulting in ...

At the level of the medulla, these fibers divide, and 90% of them form the lateral corticospinal tract which cross over to the opposite side of the medulla at the pyramidal decussation, while the remaining 10% of them form the anterior corticospinal tract which does not cross over just yet, and both tracts then travel through the spinal cord.